Louis Pasteur
Swan Neck Flask
Virchow 1858
Virchow’s theory of biogenesis was supported by Pasteur’s
flask experiments.
Biogenesis is the theory that all cells arise from preexisting cells and is
contrary to spontaneous generation.
Virchow 1858
Virchow’s theory of biogenesis was supported by Pasteur’s
flask experiments.
Biogenesis is the theory that all cells arise from preexisting cells and is
contrary to spontaneous generation.
Pasteurization
Heating liquids (wine and milk) prevented spoilage
Showed organisms can change organic materials
Lead to Germ Theory of disease
and even more importantly……
BEER!
Pasteur
Basi (1835)
Silkworm disease caused by a fungus
Irish Potato Famine
Ignaz Semmelweis
Joseph Lister
Antiseptic spray
Robert Koch
Anthrax is a disease of animals
Anthrax Drawings
Bacillus anthracis
Robert Koch
1876 – Bacillus anthracis
1882 – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
1883 – Vibrio cholera
Koch’s Postulates
1. associate
2. isolate
3. inoculate
4. re-isolate
Vaccines
Traditional and new approaches
Jump to Chapter 10!
III. How do we classify microbes?
III. How do we classify microbes?
Eukaryote classification
III. How do we classify microbes?
B. Microbial species
DNA-DNA hybridization
III. How do we classify microbes?
Recent developments in microbiology
Endosymbiosis
Eukaryotic cells evolved from 2 prokaryotes living together
Chloroplast from cyanobacteria
Mitochondrion
Ribosomal RNA is same from prokaryotes and organelles (70s), circular DNA,
and reproduction by binary fission
5 Kingdoms
Carl Woese 1978
Today - 3 Domain system
Naming Organisms
Binomial Nomenclature
Genus = capitalized
Species = lower case
Underscore both (or italics)
Escherichia coli or Escherichia coli
E. coli is shortened form
Classification of Microorganisms
Only pages 276-284 in Chapter 10