BIO 208 Microbiology
Tom Schultz- Biology Instructor/Biosafety/Lab Coordinator
Experience:
Microbiology/BIO 101Instructor
Laboratory Instructor/Coordinator
Worked as QC Manager/Microbiologist
Bioremediation Service Representative
Environmental Laboratory Manager/Instrument Operator
(Yes, there is lab this week!)
How can I Ace Micro?
Come to class and know the days topic
Take good notes in lecture and in lab
I will try to keep lab and lecture on schedule
DO NOT miss lab (or lecture)!
Read the days lab prior to arrival
Lab is fast paced and involves work in groups
Everyone can succeed in the lab
35% of your grade!
WebPage Information
Check often for announcements!
http://www.cst.cmich.edu/users/schul1te/
A Little about Microbiology
Microbe Facts:
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
* Most microbes do not cause disease!
Really?
Read if you Dare!
All through the flight to Nairobi he was throwing up blood mixed with a black liquid. When he got to the hospital he sat down and waited to be served. Then his spine went limp and nerveless and he lost all sense of balance. He started going into shock. He then started throwing up an incredible amount of blood from his stomach and spilled it onto the floor. The people who were there said the only sound was the choking in his throat from his constant vomiting while he was unconscious. Then came the sound of bed sheets being torn in half which was the sound of his bowels opening up and venting blood from the anus. The blood was mixed with intestinal lining. His gut was sloughed. The linings of his intestines were being expelled from his body along with huge amounts of blood. This dying process which happens to nine out of ten people who come in contact with the deadly disease is called crashing and bleeding.
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
* Most microbes do not cause disease.
Microbes first appeared on earth about 3.8 billion years ago. They are critically important in sustaining life on our planet.
Producers
Are producers in the ecosystem by photosynthesis
Cyanobacteria
Green Algae
Decomposers
Decompose organic waste- Fungi
Bread Mold
Mushrooms
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
* Most microbes do not cause disease.
* Microbes first appeared on earth about 3.8 billion years ago. They are critically important in sustaining life on our planet. * Microbes make up most living matter and display tremendous diversity, yet less than 1% have been cultured (grown in the laboratory) and studied.
Diverse Microbes
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
* Microbes drive the chemistry of life and affect the global climate.
* Microbial cycling of such critical chemical elements as carbon and nitrogen helps keep the world inhabitable for all life forms.
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
* Microbes generate at least half the oxygen we breathe.
Algae
Carbon assimilators
Oxygen generators
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint
Genome Project)
Microbes offer unusual capabilities reflecting the diversity of their environmental niches. These may prove to be useful as a source of new genes and organisms of value in addressing bioremediation, global change, biotechnology, and energy production.
Oil Spill Remediation
Waste Management
Water Treatment
Biotechnology
What are genetically engineered microbes used to produce?
a. Hepatitis B vaccine.
b. Human growth hormone.
c. Insulin.
d. All of the above.
e. None of the above (genetic engineering of microbes for human products is not approved).
Energy Production
Methane from
landfills and
water treatment
Sugars and grains
make ethanol
for fuel
Microbe
Facts
(Dept
of
Energy
Joint
Genome
Project)
* Diversity patterns of microorganisms can be used for monitoring and predicting environmental change.
Nutrient Loading
Red Tide- Dinoflagellates toxic to shellfish
Microbe Facts
(Dept of Energy Joint Genome Project)
Microbes are roots of life's family tree. An understanding of their genomes will help us understand how more complex genomes developed.
What percentage of DNA in humans actually code for a proteins?
A. 90%
B. 75%
C. 50%
D. 25%
E. 3% !!!
Life is Very Similar
97% of human DNA codes for NOTHING!
Only 20 amino acids make all proteins
2000 genes in E. Coli
50,000-100,000 genes in humans
Some genes in yeast function essentially like human cells
Growth rates of bacteria allow us to see evolution and mutations in a short time
Question 3
Where are microbes not normally found?
a. Miles below the earths surface.
b. Boiling hot springs.
c. The ocean floor (greater than 100C).
d. Inside tissues of organisms.
e. In the absence of oxygen.
Anywhere else?
Mushroom Spring (original Thermus aquaticus)
Taq polymerase
Are you a Germaphobe?
Whats this?
Microbes are Ubiquitous!