MTH 554  Final Exam Review


Study your old tests, homework and notes from class.  In addition know the following basic concepts.

1.  Know how to make and interpret line plots, circle graphs, stem and leaf plots,
histograms,  50 % box plots, scatter plots.
2.  Know what the shapes of stem and leaf plots mean--mound, J, U, rectangular.
3.  Know how to find and use mean median and mode
4.  Know how to find and use range, quartiles, interquartile range, inner fences, and outliers.
5. Understand the meaning of positive, negative, or no correlation ( and that correlation does not mean cause and effect)
6.  Know how to find the line of best fit from points on a scatter plot.
7.  Know how to predict, using the line of best fit.
8.  Know how to smooth a sawtooth graph to find general trends.
9.  Know how to use coins, spinners, dice, and random number tables to do simulations.
10.  Be able to do one stage simulations to find probabilities, expectations, and mean number of occurances.
11.  Be able to do multistage simulations to find probabilities, expectations, and mean number of occurances.
12.  Be able to use simulations to do open ended problems.
13.  Be able to write down the sample space for a probability problem and/or find how many  elements in it.
14.  Be able to use the sample space to find a probability.
15.  Know how to find probabilities from information given to you in charts, circle graphs or lists.
16.  Know how to find expectations from probabilities.
17.  Know how to find the odds for, or the odds against, an event happening.
18.  Be able to find the probability of a compound event.
19.  Know how to make and use trees in probability problems.
20.  Understand how to draw Venn Diagrams to solve probability problems.
21.  Know how to use the multiplicative property and the additive property and how to test for independence and whether two events are mutually exclusive.
22.  Know how to do conditional probability problems.
23.  Know how to use the binomial theorem in solving probability problems
24.  Know how to set up and use a sampling distribution by listing all possible outcomes, finding the sample proportion, the frequency and the proportion of all trials.
25.  Be able to use the above sampling distribution to construct at box plot of any size--eg. 90 % box plot or 95 % box plot, or 75 % box plot.
26.  Be able to determine, from your own box plot or one of your box plots sheets, whether an outcome (either sample proportion or actual number) is likely or unlikely.
27.  Be able to use the charts of box plots to find probable population percentages, ie. the confidence intervals.
28.  Understand the meaning of confidence intervals and use the meaning to answer questions about a population or a sample.
29. Understand how sample size affects the size of box plots and confidence intervals.
30.  Be able to use the formula to find a 95 % confidence interval and know when it’s legal to use the formula.
31.  Understand what a random, representative sample is and how to obtain one.
32.  Be able to spot sources of bias in a sampling technique.
33.  Be able to apply confidence intervals to Capture/Recapture problems.
34. Understand the connection between binomial distributions and normal distributions and when the normal distribution can be legally used to approximate the binomial distribution.
35.  Know how to find the mean and standard deviation from a list of numbers.
36.  Know how to find the mean and standard deviation from a formula which pertains to binomial and normal distributions.
37.  Know how to use whole standard deviations from the mean to find percentages, areas, or other quantities.
38.  Know how to find Z scores and interpret them.
39.  Know how to find a probability from a table.
40.  Know the difference between discrete and continuous and what difference that makes in using the table.
41.  Understand the difference between a one-tailed and a two-tailed test in hypothesis testing.
42.  Understand what the significance level alpha means and how to use it.
43. Understand when and how to adjust the standard deviation for problems dealing with the means of samples.
44.  Understand and be able to use a Punnet Square