Chapter Objectives

Chapter 12 (Part two)

How Populations Evolve

1.  Define fossil and fossil record and explain why older fossils occur in strata below younger fossils.

2.  Explain how each of the following provide evidence that evolution occurs:  the fossil record, biogeography, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, and molecular biology. 

3.  Distinguish between the following sets of terms:  genetic drift vs. gene flow, the founder effect vs. bottleneck effect, and directional selection, diversifying selection, and stabilizing selection.